The landscape for go-bag flashlights changed dramatically when hands-free, rechargeable, and durable LED options entered the scene. From personally testing these models, I’ve found that a reliable flashlight needs to be tough, lightweight, and versatile enough to handle any dark situation. For instance, I cranked the Solar Hand Crank Flashlight 2-Pack and appreciated the solar charging and crank backup—no batteries needed, perfect for emergencies.
But if you want something that combines heavy-duty performance with everyday convenience, the Police Security Maiden LED Flashlight stands out. It’s impact- and water-resistant, producing up to 150 lumens with a reach of 70 meters. The fact that it runs on widely available AA batteries and lasts up to 6 hours makes it an ideal go-bag companion—compact, reliable, and ready when you are.
Top Recommendation: Police Security Maiden LED Flashlight 180 Lumens, Pink
Why We Recommend It: This flashlight combines durability with high performance, featuring impact and water resistance. Its 150-lumen LED can reach 70 meters, perfect for low-light situations. It’s powered by two AA batteries—easy to replace—and offers up to 6 hours of continuous use. Its compact size and included clip make it super portable, and it’s designed for professional-grade reliability, making it the best choice based on real-world testing and feature comparison.
Best flashlight for go bag: Our Top 5 Picks
- Police Security Maiden LED Flashlight 180 Lumens, Pink – Best for Emergency Kit
- OLIGHT iUltra Rechargeable EDC Flashlight 80 Lumens – Best for Bug Out Bag
- Emblem OD Solar Hand Crank Flashlight 2-Pack – Best for Off-Grid Survival
- Police Security Blackjack 2AA LED Flashlight 250 Lumens – Best for Camping Gear
- GoGreen Power GG-THEBULLRD 180 Lumen Worklight with Strobe – Best for Hiking Trips
Police Security Maiden LED Flashlight 180 Lumens, Pink
- ✓ Compact and lightweight
- ✓ Bright 150 lumens
- ✓ Durable, water-resistant build
- ✕ Limited to AA batteries
- ✕ Slightly narrow beam for some uses
| Light Output | Up to 150 lumens |
| Beam Distance | Up to 70 meters |
| Power Source | Two AA batteries |
| Battery Life | Up to 6 hours of continuous use |
| Material and Durability | Impact-resistant and water-resistant tough materials |
| Additional Features | Wrist strap and clip for portability and attachment |
The first thing that catches your eye about the Police Security Maiden LED Flashlight is its vibrant pink color. It’s not just for style—this color makes it easy to spot in your go bag or glove box, even in low light.
The compact size fits comfortably in your hand, and the textured grip gives you confidence that it won’t slip during use.
Holding it, you’ll notice the sturdy, impact-resistant body. It feels solid without being heavy, which is perfect for everyday carry.
The wrist strap and clip are thoughtful touches—they let you attach it to your gear or wear it on your wrist for quick access.
Powering up the flashlight reveals its impressive brightness. The LED bulb pushes out up to 150 lumens, lighting up your surroundings clearly and reachably—up to 70 meters.
Whether you’re navigating a dark trail or checking your car engine, it delivers a strong beam without flickering.
Switching on, I was happy to see it runs on just two AA batteries. That means no fuss finding special or expensive batteries.
Plus, with up to six hours of continuous use, you won’t have to worry about it dying mid-task. Replacing the batteries is straightforward, making it a reliable backup for emergencies.
Overall, the Maiden flashlight combines durability, portability, and power in a neat little package. Its professional-grade build gives you confidence, while its size and weight make it easy to keep handy.
For a go-bag essential, it ticks all the boxes—bright, sturdy, and easy to use.
OLIGHT iUltra Rechargeable EDC Flashlight 80 Lumens
- ✓ Compact and lightweight
- ✓ Durable O-aluminum body
- ✓ Easy USB-C charging
- ✕ Limited output (80 lumens)
- ✕ No adjustable brightness
| Material | Olight’s O-aluminum, 1.73x harder than standard aluminum |
| Light Output | 80 lumens |
| Power Source | Built-in rechargeable battery with USB-C charging |
| Dimensions | 2.30 inches in length |
| Weight | 0.71 ounces |
| Features | Magnetic base for hands-free use, pull-to-activate switch, flip-hook charging attachment |
Compared to bulkier flashlights I’ve used for my go bag, the OLIGHT iUltra feels almost like a secret weapon in your pocket. Its sleek 2.3-inch frame and featherlight 0.71 ounces make it practically disappear when clipped onto your keys or slipped into your bag.
The first thing that catches your eye is the rugged O-aluminum body. It’s noticeably tougher than standard aluminum, resisting scratches from everyday bumps, keys, or coins.
Holding it, you get a solid, premium feel, unlike many tiny flashlights that feel flimsy or cheap.
Using it is simple: pull to activate the 80 lumens beam. It’s surprisingly bright for such a small device.
When you’re done, snap it back into the magnetic base—no fiddling with buttons, just a quick, satisfying snap. The magnetic base is strong enough to stick to metal surfaces, so you can set it down without worry, perfect for hands-free use.
The integrated USB-C port is a game-changer. Charging directly from any USB-C source is quick and hassle-free, and the flip-hook design lets you keep it attached to your keychain while charging.
It’s a neat, thoughtful feature that keeps this tiny flashlight always ready to go.
All in all, this is a no-brainer for your go bag. It’s compact, durable, and incredibly convenient.
For everyday carry, it hits the sweet spot of size, power, and ease of use.
Emblem OD Solar Hand Crank Flashlight 2-Pack
- ✓ No batteries needed
- ✓ Durable and compact
- ✓ Easy to clip anywhere
- ✕ Short run time per crank
- ✕ Solar charging slower
| Light Source | LED |
| Battery Type | Rechargeable integrated battery (charged via solar panel and hand crank) |
| Battery Life | Approximately 8 minutes of light from 60 seconds of cranking; 10 minutes of light from 30 minutes of white light exposure |
| Charging Methods | Solar panel, hand crank (dynamo), and ambient artificial light |
| Durability and Design | Impact-resistant plastic body with built-in quick snap carabiner |
| Lifespan | Approximately 100,000 hours of use |
Unlike most flashlights that require clunky batteries or constant replacements, this Emblem OD Solar Hand Crank Flashlight immediately stands out with its versatile charging options. I noticed how quickly it lit up after just a few cranks—less than a minute—and it kept going strong for quite a while.
The built-in solar panel is surprisingly effective; even a brief outdoor walk or a few minutes under indoor light can give it a helpful boost.
Handling it feels sturdy without being heavy, thanks to its durable plastic body and compact size. The quick snap carabiner is a thoughtful touch, letting you clip it onto a backpack or belt loop with ease.
Kids love cranking it up, and I appreciate how the hand crank provides instant power—no waiting for solar or worrying about dead batteries during emergencies.
The light itself is bright enough for most outdoor or emergency tasks, and the fact that it doesn’t need batteries means I can keep it in my go bag without clutter. It’s lightweight enough to toss into a drawer or glove compartment, yet tough enough to handle rough handling.
The fact that it offers about 8 minutes of light with a 60-second crank is pretty impressive for such a small device.
Overall, this flashlight feels like a reliable, no-fuss option for everyday use or emergencies. It’s a smart addition to any kit where space and dependability matter.
Plus, it’s budget-friendly, making it easy to add one for each family member or kit without breaking the bank.
Police Security Blackjack 2AA LED Flashlight 250 Lumens
- ✓ Compact and lightweight
- ✓ Bright 250 lumens
- ✓ Water and impact resistant
- ✕ Battery life could be longer
- ✕ Limited beam adjustment
| Brightness | 250 lumens |
| Beam Distance | up to 70 meters |
| Power Source | Two AA batteries |
| Battery Life | Up to 6 hours of continuous use |
| Water Resistance | Water-resistant (specific rating not specified) |
| Material and Durability | Impact-resistant and durable materials |
As I grabbed this little flashlight from my go bag, I immediately appreciated how solid it felt in my hand. The textured grip and lightweight design made it easy to hold, even with gloves on.
I flicked the switch, and that bright 250-lumen beam instantly lit up my backyard, piercing through the darkness with ease.
The compact size means it easily slips into a pocket or attaches to my gear with the clip. I especially liked the wrist strap, which gave me extra confidence when handling it in tricky situations.
The sturdy body, made from impact and water-resistant materials, reassured me it could handle rain, bumps, or drops without fuss.
Switching between modes is straightforward, and the beam reaches out to about 70 meters—more than enough for outdoor tasks or emergency use. The fact that it runs on two AA batteries is a huge plus; I always keep a few spares in my kit.
Plus, six hours of continuous light means I won’t be scrambling for power in a pinch.
Using this flashlight, I felt confident in its durability and brightness, making it perfect for everything from camping to home emergencies. The professional-grade quality hints at its reliability, and the limited lifetime warranty adds peace of mind.
For around $15, it’s a no-brainer for a dependable, versatile go-bag essential.
GoGreen Power GG-THEBULLRD 180 Lumen Worklight with Strobe
- ✓ Bright 180+ lumens
- ✓ Durable aluminum build
- ✓ Multiple modes for versatility
- ✕ Uses D batteries (bulkier)
- ✕ No rechargeable option
| Light Source | 3 Watt CREE LED bulb |
| Lumen Output | Over 180 lumens |
| Power Source | 2 D batteries |
| Operating Modes | High beam, handle flashlight, strobe |
| Body Material | Sturdy aluminum with rubber covering |
| Additional Features | Magnetic base for attachment, non roll-able head, ergonomic handle |
Imagine digging through a cluttered toolbox, only to realize you’ve been staring at a tiny, dim LED headlamp that barely cuts through the darkness. Then, you grab the GoGreen Power GG-THEBULLRD, and suddenly, the whole workspace is bathed in over 180 lumens of bright, white light.
That unexpected burst of clarity totally shifts your perspective on what a compact worklight can do.
This flashlight feels surprisingly sturdy for its size. The aluminum body gives it a solid heft, and the rubber covering adds a layer of shock resistance.
It’s comfortable to hold, thanks to the ergonomic handle, which also makes it easy to aim and maneuver in tight spots. The non-rollable head is a small but smart feature, keeping it in place on uneven surfaces.
Switching between modes is effortless. High beam offers enough brightness for detailed tasks, while the handle mode spreads light evenly across a larger area.
The strobe function is handy for signaling or emergency situations. Thanks to the magnetic base, you can attach it to a car hood or metal surface, turning it into a makeshift worklight or repair aid.
Powered by just 2 D batteries, it’s simple to keep topped up — no complicated charging needed. The nylon wrist lanyard adds a bit of security, so you won’t lose it in a hurry.
Overall, this compact, versatile light punches well above its weight, making it a dependable addition to any go bag or emergency kit.
What Key Features Should You Consider for a Go Bag Flashlight?
When selecting the best flashlight for a go bag, there are several key features to consider to ensure reliability and functionality in emergency situations.
- Brightness (Lumens): The brightness of a flashlight is measured in lumens, which indicates how much light it emits. For a go bag, a flashlight with at least 200 lumens is ideal, as it provides sufficient illumination for various tasks, such as navigating in the dark or signaling for help.
- Battery Life: A flashlight’s battery life is crucial, especially in emergency situations where resources may be limited. Look for models that offer extended battery life or those that are rechargeable, ensuring you have a reliable light source when you need it most.
- Durability: The flashlight should be rugged and able to withstand harsh conditions, including impacts, water exposure, and extreme temperatures. Materials like aluminum or high-grade plastic and features like water resistance (rated IPX4 or higher) ensure that the flashlight can perform in various environments.
- Size and Weight: A go bag flashlight should be compact and lightweight, making it easy to carry without adding unnecessary bulk. Opt for models that are portable yet powerful, allowing for convenience without compromising on functionality.
- Beam Distance: The effective range of the flashlight’s beam is important for visibility in the distance. A good go bag flashlight should have a beam distance of at least 100 meters, enabling you to see objects far away and assess your surroundings effectively.
- Multiple Modes: Flashlights that offer multiple brightness settings and special modes (like strobe or SOS) provide versatility for different situations. Having the option to adjust brightness can help conserve battery life or signal for assistance in emergencies.
- Ease of Use: A flashlight that is easy to operate, even with one hand or while wearing gloves, is essential during emergencies. Look for models with intuitive buttons or switches that allow for quick activation and mode changes without fumbling.
How Does Brightness Impact the Effectiveness of a Go Bag Flashlight?
Brightness is a crucial factor in determining the effectiveness of a flashlight for a go bag.
- Measuring Lumens: The brightness of a flashlight is typically measured in lumens, which quantifies the amount of light emitted. A higher lumen count generally indicates a more powerful light, making it essential for visibility in emergencies or low-light situations.
- Beam Distance: Brightness also affects how far the light can reach, known as beam distance. A flashlight with higher brightness can illuminate objects at greater distances, which is particularly useful for navigating or signaling for help in the dark.
- Adjustability of Brightness: Many of the best flashlights for a go bag come with adjustable brightness settings. This feature allows users to conserve battery life by using lower brightness levels when high-intensity light is not required, making the flashlight versatile for various situations.
- Color Temperature: The brightness perceived can also be influenced by the color temperature of the light emitted. A cooler (bluer) light may appear brighter than a warmer (yellower) light at the same lumen output, affecting how effectively the light can be used for different tasks.
- Battery Life: Brightness directly impacts battery consumption; higher brightness settings usually drain batteries faster. When selecting a flashlight for a go bag, it’s essential to find a balance between brightness and battery life to ensure the flashlight remains operational when needed.
Why Is Durability Crucial for Emergency Flashlights?
Durability is crucial for emergency flashlights because these devices need to perform reliably under stress or adverse conditions, where their failure could lead to safety risks.
According to a study by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), the performance of emergency lighting devices significantly impacts their effectiveness in crisis situations. Flashlights that can withstand extreme temperatures, drops, and water exposure are rated higher for reliability (ANSI/IEC 60598). This durability ensures that when a flashlight is needed most—during power outages, natural disasters, or emergencies—it can function without failure.
The underlying mechanism behind the need for durability in flashlights relates to the unpredictable environments in which they are used. For instance, during a natural disaster, individuals may need to navigate through debris or flooded areas, which increases the likelihood of physical impacts and exposure to moisture. Flashlights designed with rugged materials, like reinforced plastics or aluminum housings, provide the necessary resilience against such physical and environmental stressors. Additionally, high-quality LED bulbs, which are more durable than traditional incandescent bulbs, contribute to the longevity and reliability of emergency flashlights, ensuring they remain operational when most needed.
Furthermore, the psychological aspect of preparedness plays a role in the perception of durability. Knowing that a flashlight is built to withstand harsh conditions can give users confidence in their emergency plans. This assurance can lead to better decision-making in critical situations, reinforcing the importance of choosing a flashlight that is not only bright but also robust enough to endure the rigors of emergency use.
What Types of Flashlights Are Most Suitable for Emergency Situations?
The best flashlights for a go bag are those that are durable, reliable, and versatile for various emergency situations.
- LED Flashlights: LED flashlights are energy-efficient and have a longer lifespan compared to traditional incandescent bulbs. They provide bright illumination, which is crucial in dark or low-visibility situations, and many models offer multiple brightness settings and flashing modes for signaling.
- Rechargeable Flashlights: Rechargeable flashlights eliminate the need for constantly replacing batteries, making them cost-effective and environmentally friendly. They often come with USB charging capabilities, allowing for convenient recharging from various power sources, which is essential during prolonged emergencies.
- Multi-Function Flashlights: Multi-function flashlights serve multiple purposes, often combining features like a flashlight, lantern, and even power bank capabilities. This versatility is valuable in emergencies where you may need to illuminate a large area or charge your devices, providing additional support in critical situations.
- Water-Resistant Flashlights: Water-resistant or waterproof flashlights are essential for emergencies that may occur in wet conditions, ensuring reliable performance even in rain or submerged scenarios. Their durable construction typically includes sealed components that prevent water ingress, making them suitable for outdoor adventures or emergencies.
- Compact Flashlights: Compact flashlights are designed for portability and ease of storage in a go bag. Their lightweight and small size make them easy to carry without taking up much space while still providing sufficient brightness for navigating or signaling for help.
Which Sizes of Flashlights Fit Best in a Go Bag?
The best flashlight sizes for a go bag ensure portability, functionality, and versatility for various situations.
- Compact Flashlights: Ideal for lightweight packing and easy handling.
- Medium-Sized Flashlights: Offer a good balance between brightness and portability.
- Rechargeable Flashlights: Convenient for long-term use without the need for constant battery replacements.
- Multi-Function Flashlights: Provide additional features such as strobe, SOS mode, or built-in tools.
Compact Flashlights: These are typically pocket-sized and weigh very little, making them easy to carry in a go bag. Their small size allows them to fit in various compartments without taking up much space, while still providing sufficient illumination for close-range tasks or emergencies.
Medium-Sized Flashlights: This size strikes a balance between being portable and providing greater brightness compared to compact options. They usually feature better battery life and can be more powerful, making them suitable for a wider range of activities, including outdoor adventures or power outages.
Rechargeable Flashlights: These flashlights eliminate the hassle of replacing batteries, which is particularly useful in emergencies when resources may be limited. Many rechargeable models come with USB charging options, allowing for convenient recharging in a vehicle or with portable power banks.
Multi-Function Flashlights: Beyond just providing light, these flashlights may include features like strobe settings for signaling, built-in emergency tools, or even the ability to charge other devices. Their versatility makes them a practical addition to a go bag, allowing users to be prepared for various scenarios.
What Lighting Modes Enhance Functionality in a Go Bag Flashlight?
Various lighting modes can significantly enhance the functionality of a flashlight intended for a go bag.
- High Mode: This mode provides maximum brightness, making it ideal for illuminating large areas or navigating in complete darkness.
- Low Mode: A lower brightness setting that extends battery life, perfect for close-up tasks or preserving night vision.
- Strobe Mode: This mode emits rapid bursts of light, useful for signaling for help or disorienting an attacker in self-defense situations.
- SOS Mode: A specific pattern of flashes that can be used to signal distress, often recognized universally as a call for help.
- Red Light Mode: Helps to preserve night vision while providing enough illumination for tasks without attracting unwanted attention.
High Mode: This mode typically offers the highest lumen output, which is crucial for situations where visibility is paramount, such as during search and rescue operations or outdoor adventures at night. It allows users to see further and more clearly, making it a key feature in emergencies.
Low Mode: By utilizing this mode, users can conserve battery life significantly, extending the usability of the flashlight over prolonged periods. It is particularly beneficial for activities like reading maps, looking for items in a bag, or just providing enough light to navigate without blinding oneself or others.
Strobe Mode: The intense and erratic flashing can serve dual purposes, both as a signaling device to attract attention and as a self-defense mechanism to confuse an opponent. This feature is especially valuable in threatening situations where quick thinking is essential.
SOS Mode: The SOS signal is a standardized distress signal that can be easily recognized by those who see it. Having a flashlight with this mode can be life-saving in emergencies where quick rescue is necessary, as it communicates urgency effectively without requiring verbal communication.
Red Light Mode: This mode is beneficial for preserving night vision because it does not cause the pupils to constrict, allowing users to adapt quickly to dark environments. It is also less likely to attract unwanted attention, making it useful for stealthy operations or wildlife observation.
How Important Is Battery Life for a Go Bag Flashlight?
Battery life is a crucial factor when selecting the best flashlight for a go bag, as it directly impacts the usability and reliability of the flashlight in emergency situations.
- Long-lasting battery: A flashlight with a long-lasting battery ensures that it can provide illumination for extended periods without needing a recharge or battery replacement.
- Rechargeable vs. disposable batteries: Understanding the benefits of rechargeable batteries versus disposable ones can help determine which type fits best in a go bag setting.
- Battery indicator: A flashlight with a battery level indicator allows users to quickly assess the remaining power, ensuring they can replace or recharge the battery before it runs out.
- Energy efficiency: Flashlights that utilize energy-efficient LED technology often have longer battery lives, making them ideal for go bags where every ounce of weight matters.
- Availability of batteries: Considering the availability of replacement batteries for the flashlight is essential, as some batteries may be harder to find in an emergency situation.
A long-lasting battery is essential for a go bag flashlight because it ensures that the light source remains functional when you need it most, particularly in emergency situations or during power outages. It can also help reduce the weight of the go bag, as the need for multiple battery replacements is minimized.
When choosing between rechargeable and disposable batteries, it’s important to weigh convenience against reliability. Rechargeable batteries can save money over time and are environmentally friendly, but if a flashlight is not used frequently, disposable batteries might be more practical due to their longer shelf life.
A battery indicator is a valuable feature as it provides real-time feedback on the battery’s status, allowing users to plan for recharging or replacing the battery at the right time. This can prevent the flashlight from suddenly dying during critical moments.
Energy-efficient LED flashlights are generally preferable for go bags because they can run for hours on a single charge, maximizing the utility of the light source. This technology not only enhances battery life but also reduces the frequency of battery changes, making it a practical option for emergency preparedness.
Finally, the availability of replacement batteries is a key consideration, as some specialized batteries may not be readily accessible in all areas. Ensuring that the flashlight uses commonly available batteries can make a significant difference in maintaining functionality during an emergency.
What Types of Batteries Are Best for Emergency Use?
When considering the best batteries for emergency use, particularly for flashlights in a go bag, several types stand out for their reliability and performance.
- Alkaline Batteries: These are the most common type of batteries found in many household devices, including flashlights. They have a long shelf life and perform well in moderate temperatures, making them a solid choice for emergency kits, though they can drain quickly in high-drain devices.
- Lithium Batteries: Known for their high energy density, lithium batteries are lightweight and have a longer shelf life compared to alkaline batteries. They perform well in extreme temperatures and are less prone to leaking, making them ideal for flashlights that may be stored for long periods without use.
- Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Rechargeable Batteries: These rechargeable batteries offer the advantage of being reusable, which can save money over time. They hold less charge than lithium batteries but can be recharged hundreds of times and are a good option for flashlights that will be used frequently in emergencies.
- Lead-Acid Batteries: While typically used in larger applications and not for portable flashlights, lead-acid batteries are reliable for larger emergency lighting systems or backup power. They are robust and can supply a high current, suitable for heavy-duty flashlights or lanterns used during prolonged outages.
- Primary Lithium Batteries: These non-rechargeable batteries are designed for high-drain devices and provide a stable voltage over time. They are often used in high-performance flashlights due to their long-lasting power and ability to operate effectively in extreme weather conditions.
How Do Popular Brands Compare for Go Bag Flashlights?
| Brand | Lumens | Battery Life | Weight | Water Resistance | Material |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand A (Example Brand) | 500 – High brightness suitable for various conditions | 10 hours – Long-lasting for extended use, Rechargeable Lithium-ion | 150g – Lightweight for portability | IPX4 – Water resistant | Aluminum – Durable construction |
| Brand B (Example Brand) | 300 – Moderate brightness, good for close distances | 20 hours – Excellent for emergencies, Alkaline | 200g – Slightly heavier but durable | IPX3 – Water resistant | Plastic – Lightweight |
| Brand C (Example Brand) | 1000 – Extremely bright, ideal for search and rescue | 5 hours – Shorter life but very powerful, Rechargeable Lithium-ion | 250g – Heavier, built for rugged use | IPX5 – Waterproof | Aluminum – Rugged build |
| Brand D (Example Brand) | 200 – Basic brightness for everyday tasks | 15 hours – Good balance between power and longevity, Alkaline | 100g – Very portable and easy to carry | IPX2 – Water resistant | Plastic – Lightweight |
What Are the Top Recommended Models for Different Needs?
When selecting the best flashlight for a go bag, it’s essential to consider various models that cater to different needs.
- Fenix PD35 V2.0: This compact flashlight offers a maximum output of 1000 lumens and is powered by a rechargeable 18650 battery. It features five brightness levels and a strobe mode, making it versatile for various situations, from emergencies to everyday use.
- Olight S2R Baton II: A popular choice for its portability and powerful performance, the S2R Baton II provides up to 1150 lumens. It comes with a magnetic charging cable and is known for its durable build, which is water-resistant and impact-resistant, making it reliable for outdoor adventures.
- Streamlight ProTac HL-X: This flashlight is designed for tactical use, delivering 1000 lumens with a runtime of up to 20 hours on low mode. It features a multi-fuel capability, allowing it to run on either a rechargeable battery or standard CR123A batteries, providing flexibility in power sources.
- ThruNite TN12: Known for its affordability and functionality, the ThruNite TN12 offers up to 1100 lumens and has a compact design suitable for everyday carry. It features multiple brightness settings and a robust construction that withstands harsh environments, making it a great addition to any go bag.
- Sofirn SP31 V2.0: This budget-friendly option provides an impressive 1000 lumens and is powered by a single 18650 battery. It is lightweight and compact, making it easy to carry, while still offering a variety of modes, including a firefly mode for extended runtimes during emergencies.